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http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNjY4NjE1OTQ4.htmlI came across this TED talk yesterday in which Chris Lonsdale, a psychologist from New Zealand talks about language learning. He believes that anybody can learn a language in six months if they follow the five principles and seven actions that he has formulated after assessing all the research available on language learning.# `- ~) V; [4 Y' \3 G
昨天我看了一個TED演講，來自新西蘭的語言學(xué)家Chris Lonsdale講了語言學(xué)習(xí)的方法。在評估了所有語言學(xué)習(xí)的研究之后，他總結(jié)出了5個原則、7個行動。他相信只要遵從這5個原則、踐行這7個行動，任何人都能在6個月內(nèi)學(xué)會一種外語。
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2 \4 |& i" k! HThe five principles are:1 m0 O2 f4 [. Y9 N( }5 z/ C8 n! }% g
5個原則：
6 a0 ^1 Y- q" F& C1. Focus on language content that is relevant to you.
7 ?" \& p- z3 u# ? V專注和你日常相關(guān)的語言內(nèi)容。
+ R' D/ c; n* s8 s1 c$ h3 p2. Use your language as a tool to communicate from day 1., O1 Y" V7 Q0 n7 c; W. C4 S* a
從學(xué)習(xí)這門語言的第一天開始，就把它當(dāng)做你的交流方式。$ j J% S6 M# @/ y) n# @7 H" ^3 M
3. When you understand the message you will acquire the language unconsciously.
# f/ x% b6 C$ e' Z$ p: `當(dāng)你明白含義之后，你會慢慢不知不覺地習(xí)得這門語言。
. A, q, `9 E$ M6 P8 F+ \3 K5 Z/ |4. Language is not about accumulating a lot of knowledge but is rather a type of physiological training.4 v3 O% a3 O' C# k, D
語言學(xué)習(xí)不是大量知識的積累，而更像是一種生理訓(xùn)練。
% ~$ d! y3 X9 `. F5. Psycho-physiological state matters – you need to be happy, relaxed, and most importantly, you need to be tolerant of ambiguity. Don’t try to understand every detail as it will drive you crazy.
) x/ w- X* d8 H5 Q$ N; K) H# H: X心理狀態(tài)和生理狀態(tài)都很重要：你需要愉快、放松，最重要的是對于模棱兩可要有一定容忍性。對于細枝末節(jié)不要過于糾結(jié)，因為那會把你逼瘋的。5 o0 [. k3 V$ [, R( s
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The seven actions are:
6 x6 e9 n6 e' k* d" _1 H' R7個行動：
. a: ]+ i ]& T5 L1. Listen a lot – it doesn’t matter if you understand or not. Listen to rhythms and patterns.9 j% Q0 i( I2 `( M, @6 s
多聽——理解與否不重要，盡管去聽吧！去聽聽語言節(jié)奏和說話模式。3 m8 F; h0 ~6 C7 k* V
2. Focus on getting the meaning first, before the words. Body language and facial expressions can help.5 C0 H5 e" @8 e: R; Q6 n/ o
先專注理解整體意思，再弄清單詞含義。身體語言和面部表情會有所幫助。
) B! ]' l5 ]2 [3. Start mixing, get creative, and use what you’re learning: g' s2 J" M- Y) |# \) @' A
開始混合，創(chuàng)造話語并使用你所學(xué)到的一切。- p' r! o4 a' b& G' W. H, N
4. Focus on the core – use the most commonly-use the words, and use the language to learn more2 {/ J+ _5 F9 H+ Z
把注意力集中在核心部分——使用高頻詞匯，利用你已經(jīng)學(xué)會的東西學(xué)到更多。+ \0 N7 @% l, Q5 p9 z& h" Z! F# U
5. Get a language parent – someone who is fluent in the language and who will do their best to understand what you mean; who will not correct your mistakes; who will feedback their understanding of what you’re saying using correct language, and uses words that you know.) D7 e- R, _% ^! x( p
找個語伴——能流利講這門語言的人，或者能盡可能理解你說什么的人。注意，語伴不會糾正你的錯誤，但能夠用正確的語言、你明白的語言來對你的表現(xiàn)做出反饋。
# m6 G1 N# |* ^6 s4 {6. Copy the face – watch native speakers and observe their face, and particular their mouth moves when they’re speaking.
s1 D x3 n m- h模仿面部表情——有些人的母語正是你要學(xué)習(xí)的新語言，你要觀看他們講話，觀察他們的面部表情、尤其是講話時的嘴型。
: t& Q! d L) U. E* Y1 m7. “Direct connect” to the target language – find ways to connect words directly with images and other internal representations.
7 Q" F2 S, W9 }在大腦和目的語之間建立“直接聯(lián)系”——想辦法讓語言和大腦中的圖像或其他內(nèi)部表象產(chǎn)生直接聯(lián)系。 |
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發(fā)表于 2014-5-10 19:59:24
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