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http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNjY4NjE1OTQ4.htmlI came across this TED talk yesterday in which Chris Lonsdale, a psychologist from New Zealand talks about language learning. He believes that anybody can learn a language in six months if they follow the five principles and seven actions that he has formulated after assessing all the research available on language learning.
. f. i6 }3 K F2 q3 g! A! Q+ F昨天我看了一個TED演講，來自新西蘭的語言學家Chris Lonsdale講了語言學習的方法。在評估了所有語言學習的研究之后，他總結出了5個原則、7個行動。他相信只要遵從這5個原則、踐行這7個行動，任何人都能在6個月內學會一種外語。( \/ M$ Z; F! l6 ~, v) o4 Z$ |/ {) S P
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The five principles are:; [3 p- h/ ~6 I% P9 c1 R; J
5個原則：- g( q; X1 [- J( o+ B4 S
1. Focus on language content that is relevant to you.
: L/ o# M: f1 T& H專注和你日常相關的語言內容。: C& @" v) `4 ?9 I. R
2. Use your language as a tool to communicate from day 1." ^8 C" d) X+ |3 Z; [8 w
從學習這門語言的第一天開始，就把它當做你的交流方式。' k* o. p: k! s( q* ?6 p
3. When you understand the message you will acquire the language unconsciously.
9 ^" H/ { I/ ~# X/ d4 I當你明白含義之后，你會慢慢不知不覺地習得這門語言。
, T1 j G. X- h2 o9 S4 y& E4. Language is not about accumulating a lot of knowledge but is rather a type of physiological training.& [# L, w; p$ C% \* Z C w. m C
語言學習不是大量知識的積累，而更像是一種生理訓練。3 X& I9 f7 G* C( P
5. Psycho-physiological state matters – you need to be happy, relaxed, and most importantly, you need to be tolerant of ambiguity. Don’t try to understand every detail as it will drive you crazy.
3 @$ K0 l& x0 f8 D5 R+ a7 ?心理狀態和生理狀態都很重要：你需要愉快、放松，最重要的是對于模棱兩可要有一定容忍性。對于細枝末節不要過于糾結，因為那會把你逼瘋的。+ P- h$ J" s* l2 K) T
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The seven actions are:
1 ^" p7 N( O3 K3 U# b3 T6 [7個行動：) f6 D, \9 D4 h+ c: R/ C
1. Listen a lot – it doesn’t matter if you understand or not. Listen to rhythms and patterns.! Z$ z3 d( f/ X. a- @! M7 u/ ~
多聽——理解與否不重要，盡管去聽吧！去聽聽語言節奏和說話模式。 w% T3 V2 A) C3 O; {+ B1 Q; W
2. Focus on getting the meaning first, before the words. Body language and facial expressions can help.
" r. A1 q$ K" n; ^# @2 S' Z先專注理解整體意思，再弄清單詞含義。身體語言和面部表情會有所幫助。5 F( f: `1 F' n) ~, C; B6 I; H7 ^3 ~4 i
3. Start mixing, get creative, and use what you’re learning
: B. |2 ~- ^) D7 C# `9 X) ?開始混合，創造話語并使用你所學到的一切。$ Y R4 e+ c6 g) f) Y# x5 y- Y
4. Focus on the core – use the most commonly-use the words, and use the language to learn more
, E$ J4 k0 `+ |& p7 K把注意力集中在核心部分——使用高頻詞匯，利用你已經學會的東西學到更多。
3 N6 ?& K! P0 p: g5. Get a language parent – someone who is fluent in the language and who will do their best to understand what you mean; who will not correct your mistakes; who will feedback their understanding of what you’re saying using correct language, and uses words that you know.3 l2 F% u1 c, Y# D S# @: W: E# j
找個語伴——能流利講這門語言的人，或者能盡可能理解你說什么的人。注意，語伴不會糾正你的錯誤，但能夠用正確的語言、你明白的語言來對你的表現做出反饋。9 f8 x+ ], Y5 @2 |: W2 j& W# o
6. Copy the face – watch native speakers and observe their face, and particular their mouth moves when they’re speaking.
' ]+ A }% j5 E* x. d2 w模仿面部表情——有些人的母語正是你要學習的新語言，你要觀看他們講話，觀察他們的面部表情、尤其是講話時的嘴型。2 t4 o/ Q# Y& D! }
7. “Direct connect” to the target language – find ways to connect words directly with images and other internal representations.7 U) S7 d5 \$ Q
在大腦和目的語之間建立“直接聯系”——想辦法讓語言和大腦中的圖像或其他內部表象產生直接聯系。 |
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發表于 2014-5-10 19:59:24
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